sabato 21 marzo 2020

IL CORONAVIRUS E' UNA QUESTIONE MATEMATICA.

Riceviamo dalla giornalista Roberta Ronconi e volentieri pubblichiamo

La mattina del 17 marzo ascoltai il professor Bianconi che tentava di spiegare alla radio cosa stesse facendo il suo team dell'istituto Ricmass. Studi matematici sui numeri del coronavirus che dimostravano chiaramente la validità delle scelte operate dal governo della Corea del sud e la necessità di adottarle il prima possibile in Italia. La giornalista alla radio non aveva tempo, attaccò il telefono. Io ho cercato Bianconi, l'ho intervistato, ho cercato di far pubblicare l'intervista su Repubblica già il 17 marzo, ma non c'è stato verso. Mi hanno fatto aspettare due giorni, poi ho deciso di pubblicare su facebook, perché almeno qualcuno potesse leggerla. 
Sono Roberta Ronconi, giornalista professionista dal 1991. Questa è l'intervista uscita su facebook il 19 marzo, alle 16.42. (sulla mia bacheca https://www.facebook.com/roberta.ronconi.5 

IL CORONAVIRUS E' UNA QUESTIONE MATEMATICA.
INTERVISTA AL BIOFISICO ANTONIO BIANCONI
Perché il coronavirus nella Corea del Sud ha fatto qualche decina di morti, mentre in Italia siamo a tremila decessi? Perché il 5 marzo scorso la Corea del Sud aveva 5000 contagiati e l’Italia 3000 e dieci giorni dopo l’Italia era diventato il secondo paese più contagiato, con 21.157 casi positivi e la Corea era rimasta a 8000 casi e 72 decessi?
Questione di modelli matematici. E’ lì che possiamo trovare la spiegazione. E soprattutto è lì che possiamo trovare la soluzione.
Ne è convinto Antonio Bianconi, professore di Biofisica alla Sapienza di Roma per venti anni e ora direttore della Onlus per le scienze Ricmass (Rome International Center for Material Sciences and Superstripes/ricmass.eu) dove da diverse settimane sta studiando il comportamento del coronavirus con il suo team di ricercatori.
Professore, lei e il suo team avete appena lanciato una petizione su change.org indirizzata al presidente della Regione Lazio Nicola Zingaretti affinché il Lazio adotti le misure coreane di controllo del Covid 19 il prima possibile. Mi spiega quali studi vi hanno condotto a questa scelta?
Nelle ultime settimane, presso i laboratori del Ricmass abbiamo studiato i numeri del coronavirus. In particolare, abbiamo deciso di applicare allo studio di questa epidemia un modello matematico che normalmente non si usa nello studio delle epidemie. Cioè abbiamo fatto qualcosa che non è stata mai fatta prima e i risultati che abbiamo ottenuto a nostro avviso vanno diffusi al più presto.
La prego di spiegare, ma nel modo più elementare possibile.
Esistono modelli matematici che studiano le normali epidemie, come le influenze, ma che vengono applicati in un un mondo omogeneo, ovvero senza limitazioni di spazio e movimento per gli esseri coinvolti. Quando invece si introducono molte barriere nello spazio, il contagio assume altre caratteristiche e soprattutto comincia ad avere dei problemi . Il fatto che in queste settimane non possiamo uscire di casa trasforma lo spazio in cui il contagio si muove. Mi capisce?
Sì, per ora sì.
Io e i miei colleghi del Cnr, dell’Università di Roma e dell’Istituto Ricmass che dirigo (una Onlus per la scienza, ndr) abbiamo trovato che nelle tre nazioni – Cina, Corea, Italia - che fortunatamente hanno introdotto delle limitazioni da diversi giorni, l’epidemia sta rallentando e siamo contenti che l’Italia abbia deciso di introdurre queste misure, perché questo può salvare la vita a milioni di persone.
State confermando la tesi di molti, tra cui quelle del governo italiano. Ma anche in Europa non tutti gli scienziati e i politici sembrano d’accordo…
Mi faccia continuare, non voglio entrare nelle questioni politiche, voglio spiegare come possiamo contribuire noi scienziati a scelte che spetteranno poi ad altri. Torniamo ai tre Paesi che hanno adottato scelte simili, ma con qualche diversità. Il nostro modello matematico ci ha permesso di evidenziare esattamente la misura del successo di queste tre strategie. Questo contagio in presenza di barriere avviene come in certi materiali quantistici molto complicati che per caso noi avevamo studiato anni addietro, precisamente nel 2011 e segue quella che in matematica si chiama “la curva di Oswald”. I Paesi che hanno introdotto gli ostacoli nel movimento e nello spazio delle persone non seguono più un andamento normale da contagio, ma si adattano alla struttura della curva di Oswald. Questa curva si è dimostrata leggermente diversa però per i tre Paesi, a seconda delle diverse strategie e delle barriere scelte.
Che conclusioni pratiche ne avete tratto?
Al momento noi siamo in grado di dare i numeri esatti sulla diffusione del contagio in presenza di barriere e abbiamo capito perché la politica coreana è quella che ha funzionato meglio.
Questo lo dicono anche i fatti.
Sì, ma i numeri lo avevano evidenziato già da qualche giorno e ora ne siamo certi. Non solo perché lo dicono i fatti, ma perché lo conferma un modello matematico che sino ad ora non era stato mai sperimentato in un’occasione simile. Semplicemente, perché è la prima volta che succede a nostra memoria.
Allora, come ci può aiutare la matematica a questo punto?
Gli studi ci dicono che operare una politica di controllo con tamponi il più allargata possibile è vincente. E che se si segue il modello matematico da noi suggerito possiamo accelerare i tempi di ritorno alla normalità in modo significativo. Si potrebbe arrivare al punto di non-contagio tra una settimana, invece che tra 15 giorni o un mese.
Quanto tempo abbiamo per cambiare il trend di crescita del virus?
Abbiamo comparato le curve di andamento del virus al 25mo giorno di apparizione dello stesso nei tre stati: Cina, Corea, Italia. In quel giorno in Cina e Corea era stato già raggiunto un punto di flessione, in Italia la cosa è meno evidente.
Che intende per punto di flessione?
E’ come con la bomba atomica, dopo una serie di reazioni avviene l’esplosione. Con il coronavirus è la stessa cosa. A Roma attualmente abbiamo un certo numero di malati che fino a ieri sono rimasti
abbastanza costanti, non fluttuano. Mi sembra siano attualmente intorno ai 500. Ma se superiamo di troppo questa soglia e raggiungiamo un numero preciso - che però cambia da luogo a luogo - avviene l’esplosione. Inizia una crescita esponenziale con il raddoppio dei malati ogni giorno. Arrivati a quel punto, la crescita non si ferma più.
Quindi, quali sono le cose che secondo lei vanno fatte?
Ora che ci sono un po’ di soldi bisogna immediatamente allargare la ricerca dei positivi con i tamponi , comprare le macchine per fare le analisi, e studiare le tracciabilità delle persone positive. E’ chiaro che è una cosa che richiede alcuni giorni perché sia organizzata, ma può evitare che una metropoli come Roma esploda.
Che voi sappiate, il mondo politico coreano, ha scelto le misure di contenimento del virus sotto la spinta del mondo scientifico?
Certo. Gli scienziati coreani hanno network scientifici molto efficienti ed avevano sperimentato misure simili già ai tempi della Sars.
Avete difficoltà a richiamare l’attenzione del mondo della politica? E il resto del mondo scientifico perché non si affianca alle vostre indicazioni?
Qualcosa si sta muovendo a livello internazionale, molti team che studiano come noi i sistemi complessi stanno arrivando alle nostre stesse conclusioni. Questa sera (ieri per il lettore, ndr) pubblicheremo una petizione e la lanceremo sul web. Non abbiamo molto tempo, speriamo ci diano retta.

RobertaRonconi@copyright
  

venerdì 20 marzo 2020

DIVIETO DI FERMATA 6 Paure e speranze di Silvio Perrella

Oggi nell'appuntamento quotidiano con "Divieto di fermata", che abbiamo inaugurato su Youtube Gattomerlino nell'emergenza corona virus, parleremo del libro di Silvio Perrella "Io ho paura" (Neri Pozza edizioni),  un libro scritto nel 2018, che oggi diventa più attuale che mai. 

In quel libro una scrittura raffinata  e tagliente scandaglia una condizione che oggi si è fatta universalmente diffusa. Scrive Perrella: "Quando sei sottoposto alla dittatura della morte, la paura signoreggia su ogni cosa. "Vita" è una parola così difficile da usare, ma dobbiamo azzardarci a pronunciarla, a darle i nomi che di volta in volta invoca per tornare a essere una declinazione della dignità".


Sullo stesso tema del libro Silvio Perrella è tornato in un articolo pubblicato su "Il Mattino" di Napoli, il 12/3 /2020 che qui sotto riproduciamo da una foto





sabato 14 marzo 2020

DIVIETO DI FERMATA 5– L'appello degli scienziati con l'elenco dei firmatari

Public request to take stronger measures of social
distancing across the UK with immediate effect
14th March 2020

(last update: 14th March 2020, 15:25)

As scientists living and working in the UK, we would like to express our concern
about the course of action announced by the Government on 12th March 2020
regarding the Coronavirus outbreak. In particular, we are deeply preoccupied
by the timeline of the proposed plan, which aims at delaying social distancing
measures even further.
The current data about the number of infections in the UK is in line with the
growth curves already observed in other countries, including Italy, Spain, France,
and Germany [1]. The same data suggests that the number of infected will be in
the order of dozens of thousands within a few days.
Under unconstrained growth, this outbreak will aect millions of people in the
next few weeks. This will most probably put the NHS at serious risk of not
being able to cope with the flow of patients needing intensive care, as the number
of ICU beds in the UK is not larger than that available in other neighbouring
countries with a similar population [2]. Going for "herd immunity" at this point
does not seem a viable option, as this will put NHS at an even stronger level of
stress, risking many more lives than necessary.
By putting in place social distancing measures now, the growth can be slowed
down dramatically, and thousands of lives can be spared. We consider the social
distancing measures taken as of today as insucient, and we believe that addi-
tional and more restrictive measures should be taken immediately, as it is already
happening in other countries across the world.
We urge anyone who has sympathy with our views, and access to the govern-
ment strategy group, to make our concerns more widely known.

Signatories:
1. David Arrowsmith, Professor of Mathematics, Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of London
2. Christian Beck, Professor of Applied Mathematics, Dynamical Systems, Queen Mary University of London
3. Martin Benning, Lecturer in Optimisation, Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of London
4. Ginestra Bianconi, Professor of Applied Mathematics, Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of London
5. Jamie Grin, Lecturer in Applied Probability, Queen Mary University of London
6. Weini Huang, Lecturer in Mathematical Biology, Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of London
7. Vito Latora, Professor of Applied Mathematics, Chair of Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of
London
8. Vincenzo Nicosia, Lecturer in Networks and Data Analysis, Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of
London
1
9. Thomas Prellberg, Professor of Mathematics, Dynamical Systems, Queen Mary University of London
10. Nicola Perra, Associate Professor in Network Science, University of Greenwhich
11. Giacomo Livan, Lecturer in Computer Science, Financial Computing & Analytics, University College London
12. Henrik Jeldtoft Jensen, Professor of Mathematical Physics, Imperial College London
13. BenjaminWerner, Lecturer, Centre for Cancer Genomics and Computational Biology, Barts Cancer Institute,
Queen Mary University of London
14. Iacopo Iacopini, PhD Student, Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of London
15. Andrea Baronchelli, Reader in Mathematics, City University of London
16. Sarah Morgan, Research Fellow, Cambridge University
17. Vahid Shahrezaei, Reader in Biomathematics, Imperial College London
18. Guven Demirel, Lecturer in Supply Chain Management, Queen Mary University of London
19. Arick Shao, Senior Lecturer in Mathematics, Queen Mary University of London
20. Erminia Calabrese, Professor in Astronomy, Cardi University
21. Arianna Bottinelli, Associate Editor, Communications Physics, SpringerNature London
22. Ivan Tomasic, Senior Lecturer in Pure Mathematics, Queen Mary University of London
23. Francesco Coghi, PhD Student in Mathematics, Queen Mary University of London
24. Hanlin Sun, PhD student in Mathematics, Queen Mary University of London
25. Marta Varela, Research Fellow, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London
26. Ronaldo Menezes, Professor of Data and Network Science, University of Exeter
27. Kirstie Whitaker, Turing Research Fellow, Alan Turing Institute; Senior research associate in Psychiatry,
University of Cambridge
28. Naomi Arnold, PhD student in Computer Science, Queen Mary University of London
29. Petra Vertes, Lecturer in Psychiatry, Systems and Computational Neuroscience, University of Cambridge
30. Dudley Stark, Reader in Mathematics and Probability, Queen Mary University of London
31. Thomas W. Mueller, Professor of Mathematics, Queen Mary University of London
32. Tiziana Di Matteo, Professor of Econophysics, King's College London
33. Silvia Grigolon, Postdoctoral Fellow, The Francis Crick Institute London
34. Francesca Arrigo, Lecturer in Mathematics, University of Strathclyde
35. Gianmichele Di Matteo, PhD Student, Queen Mary University of London
36. Sasha Sodin, Professor in Analysis and Mathematical Physics, Queen Mary University of London
37. Professor Rajendra Bhansali, Emeritus Professor in Mathematics, University of Liverpool and Visiting Professor
in Mathematics, Imperial College London
38. Bingzhang Chen, Lecturer in Mathematics, University of Strathclyde
39. Demetrios T. Papageorgiou, Professor in Mathematics, Imperial College London
40. Stuart Scott, Centre for Human Computer Interaction Design, City University of London
41. Deatrice Vincenzi, PhD Student, City University of London
42. Vessela Vassileva, Department is Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London
43. Bill Jackson, Professor of Mathematical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London
2
44. Yi Sui, Reader in Fluid Mechanics, Queen Mary University of London
45. Penny Davies, Senior Lecturer in Mathematics, University of Strathclyde
46. Dugald B Duncan, Professor of Mathematics, Heriot-Watt University
47. Evangelos Mitsokapas, PhD Student, Dynamical Systems, Queen Mary University of London
48. Haris Markakis, Lecturer in Numerical Relativity, Queen Mary University of London
49. Michael Grinfeld, Reader in Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde
50. Marco Pietropaoli, Research associate, Imperial College London
51. Caterina Gennaioli, Senior Lecturer in Economics, Queen Mary University of London
52. Franco Vivaldi, Emeritus Professor in Mathematics, Queen Mary University of London
53. Timothy Neate, Researcher, Centre for HCI Design, City University of London
54. Silvia Liverani, Reader in Statistics, Queen Mary University of London
55. Marcus Waurick, Chancellor's Fellow, University of Strathclyde
56. Ernesto Priego, Centre for HCDI, City University of London
57. Lidia Gomes Da Silva, PhD Student, Queen Mary University of London
58. Silvia Rognone, PhD Student, Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of London
59. Radu Cimpeanu, Assistant Professor in Applied Mathematics, University of Warwick
60. Aleix Bassolas, Researcher in Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of London
61. Stephen J. Cowley, Senior Lecturer in Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge
62. Esther Mondragon, Lecturer in Articial Intelligence, City University of London
63. Andrea Santoro, PhD in Mathematics, Queen Mary University of London
64. Gabriele Di Bona PhD. Student in Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of London
65. Juan A. Valiente Kroon, Reader in Applied Mathematics, Queen Mary University of London
66. Magnus Haughey, PhD student in Mathematical Biology, Queen Mary University of London
67. Giorgio Savini, Director of the University College London Observatory (UCLO), University College London
68. Ralph Kenna, Professor of Theoretical Physics, Centre for Fluid and Complex Systems, Coventry University
69. Pierpaolo Vivo, Senior Lecturer in Disordered Systems, King's College London
70. Dmitry Savin, Senior Lecturer in Applied Mathematics, Brunel University London
71. Luca Maria Aiello, Senior Research Scientist, Nokia Bell Labs, Cambridge.
72. Zacharoula Nikolakopoulou, Research Associate, Department of Immunology and In
ammation, Imperial
College London
73. Pawel Dlotko, Senior Lecturer in Mathematics, Swansea University
74. Michael Garcia Ortiz, Lecturer, City University of London
75. Biagio Lucini, Royal SocietyWolfson Merit Award Holder, Head of Mathematics, College of Science, Swansea
University
76. Ernesto Jimenez-Ruiz, Lecturer in Articial Intelligence, City University of London
77. Peter Bishop, Professor of Systems and Software Dependability, City University of London
78. Alberto Bracci, Phd Student, City University of London
3
79. Carla Molteni, Professor of Physics, Director of Thomas Young Centre, King's College London
80. Jerey Giansiracusa, Professor of Mathematics, Swansea University
81. Dmitri Panov, Reader in Geometry, King's College London
82. Vaibhav Kumar Jena, PhD student in Mathematics, Queen Mary University of London
83. Rebecca Cliord, DPhil, FRHistS, FHEA, Associate Professor of Modern History, Swansea University
84. Luka Ilic, PhD student in Mathematics, Queen Mary University of London
85. Hermes Gadelha, Senior Lecturer in Applied Mathematics and Data Modelling, University of Bristol
86. Pietro Lio, Professor, University of Cambridge
87. Eduardo Alonso, Reader in Computing, City University of London
88. Salvatore Danilo Riccio, PhD Student in Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of London
89. Andrea Tangherloni, Research Associate at the Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge
90. Salpie Nowinski, Postdoctural research assistant in computational biology and tumour evolution, Barts
Cancer Institute
91. Marco Gramatica, PhD student in Mathematics, Queen Mary University of London
92. Pierre Degond, Chair Professor in Applied Mathematics, Imperial College London
93. Michael Bronstein, PhD, FIEEE, FIAPR, Professor of Computing, Imperial College London
94. Dr Georgios Nteliopoulos, Senior research associate, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College
London
95. Daniele Quercia, Department Head, Nokia Bell Labs, Cambridge
96. Oliver Ratmann, Lecturer in Statistics, Imperial College London
97. Tiago Azevedo, PhD student in Computer Science, University of Cambridge
98. Veronica Vinciotti, Reader in Mathematics, Brunel University London
99. Vitaliy Kurlin, Senior Lecturer in Computer Science, University of Liverpool.
100. Martin Weigel, Reader in Theoretical Physics, Centre for Fluid and Complex Systems, Coventry University
101. Thomas P. Sotiriou, Professor of Gravitational Physics, School of Mathematical Sciences & School of Physics
and Astronomy, University of Nottingham
102. Francesca Baletto, Reader in Physics, King's College London
103. Istvan Z. Kiss, Professor of Mathematics, University of Sussex
104. John Harvey, Daphne Jackson Research Fellow, Department of Mathematics, Swansea University
105. Sarah Barry, Lecturer in Statistics, University of Strathclyde
106. Sandro Sousa, PhD Student, Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of London
107. Antonino Iannazzo, PhD student, Queen Mary University of London
108. Luc Berthouze, Professor of Complex Systems, University of Sussex
109. Mirna Dzamonja, Professor of Mathematics, University of East Anglia
110. Pablo Lamata, Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellow in Basic Biomedical Science
111. Jean-Marc Vanden-Broeck, Professor of Applied Mathematics, University College London
112. Ben Murray, Senior Research Associate, King's College London
113. Aleksandra Ivovic, PhD student in Biological Sciences, University of Cambridge
4
114. Andreas Fring, Professor of Mathematical Physics, City University of London
115. Cristina Inversi, Lecturer in Employment Law, The University of Manchester
116. Luigi Margiotta-Casaluci, Lecturer in Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brunel University London
117. Maria Laura Greco , PhD student in Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical sciences, University of Manchester
118. Paul Expert, Research Associate, Global Digital Health unit, Imperial College London
119. Ignazio Puccio, Honorary Research Associate, University College London
120. Dr. Giovanna Campopiano, Senior Lecturer, Lancaster University Management School
121. Anita Lavorgna, Associate Professor, University of Southampton
122. Richard A.I. Bethlehem, Post-Doctoral Fellow Research Associate, British Academy and University of Cambridge
123. Anna Pacelli, Postdoctoral Researcher, University of Oxford
124. Ramona Lattao, Postdoctoral Research Associate in Genetics, University of Cambridge
125. Francesca Dal Mas, Lecturer in Strategy & Enterprise, The University of Lincoln
126. William Schafer, Programme Leader in Neurobiology, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of
Cambridge; Professor of Animal Physiology and Neuriobiology, KU Leuven
127. Shahn Majid, Professor of Mathematics, Queen Mary University of London
128. Sarah K. Buddenborg, Postdoctoral Fellow, Wellcome Sanger Institute
129. Dr Chris Cantwell, Senior Lecturer in Aeronautics, Imperial College London
130. Daniele Petrone PhD student in Mathematics, Queen Mary University of London
131. Yue Ren, UKRI Future Leaders Fellow and Senior Lecturer, Swansea University
132. Igor Smolyarenko, Lecturer in Applied Mathematics, Brunel University London
133. Alessia Annibale, Senior Lecturer in Disordered Systems, King's College London
134. Denise Walker, Senior Scientist, Neurobiology, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge
135. Dr Demetra Andreou, Principal Academic in Environmental Science, Bournemouth University
136. Professor Aris Katzourakis, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford; Co-President of Oxford UCU
137. Giorgio Jansen, Research Assistant, University of Cambridge
138. Dario Leonardo Balacco, Posdoctoral Research Fellow, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham
139. Jasna Urbancic, PhD Student in Mathematics, Queen Mary University of London
140. Francesco Mezzadri, Professor of Mathematical Physics, University of Bristol
141. James A. R. Marshall, Professor of Theoretical and Computational Biology, University of Sheeld
142. Daria Santone, PDRA, Physics Department, Royal Holloway, University of London
143. Lucia Sivilotti, AJ Clark Professor of Pharmacology, University College London
144. Matteo Salvalaglio, Lecturer, Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London
145. Henri Huijberts PFHEA FIMA, Professor of Engineering Science and Education, Deputy Dean for Education,
Queen Mary University of London
146. Giorgia Dalla Libera Marchiori, Research assistant in Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene &
Tropical Medicine
147. Anja Meyer, PhD student in Pure Mathematics, University of Manchester
5
148. Rui Carvalho, Assistant Professor, Department of Engineering Durham University

149. Cesare Giulio Ardito, PhD Student
150. Luca Cocconi, PhD student, Imperial College London and Francis Crick Institute
151. Kane Smith, Research Technician, Queen Mary University of London
152. Laura Coroneo, Senior Lecturer, Department of Economics and Related Studies University of York
153. Dragana Vuckovic, PostDoctoral Fellow in Biostatistics, Sanger Institute, Cambridge
154. Sebastian Ahnert, Cavendish Laboratory and Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge
155. Leslie Turner, Lecturer in Evolution, Milner Centre for Evolution, Department of Biology and Biochemistry,
University of Bath
156. Francesca Di Lodovico, Professor of Physics, King's College London
157. Francesco Di Lauro, PhD student in Mathematics, University of Sussex
158. Katerina Zahradova, PhD student in Mathematics, University of London
159. Lavinia Rognone, PhD student, University of Manchester
160. Ana Jimena Pacheco Gutierrez, PhD student, Queen Mary University of London
161. Virginia M Howick, Wellcome Sanger Institute
162. Ana Riesgo, The Natural History Museum
163. Rainer Klages, Reader in Applied Mathematics, Queen Mary University of London
164. Gianluca Inverso, Marie Curie Fellow, Centre for Research in String Theory, Queen Mary University of
London
165. Gioia Boschi, PhD student, King's College London
166. Karin van Veldhoven, Assistant professor in Molecular Epidemiology London School of Hygiene & Tropical
Medicine
167. Stephanie Lo, Principal Bioinformatician & Project Manager, Wellcome Sanger Institute
168. Riccardo Guareschi, Computational Chemist in Drug Design, University of Dundee, registered Scottish
Charity, No: SC015096
169. Jimmy Lee, Postdoctoral Fellow, Wellcome Sanger Institute
170. Giorgio Carugno, PhD Student, King's College London
171. Gos Micklem, Reader, Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge
172. Chris Micklem, PhD Student, Sainsbury Laboratory/Department of Physics, University of Cambridge
173. Peng He, Postdoctoral Fellow, Sanger Institute
174. Stanley Wai-Kwong Ng, Postdoctoral Fellow, Cancer, aging, and somatic mutations programme, Cancer
genome project, Wellcome Sanger Institute
175. Max Falkenberg, PhD Student, Center for Complexity Science, Imperial College London
176. Hui Zhang, Post-doctoral Researcg Assistant, Queen Mary University of London
177. Kirsty Wanm, Senior Research Fellow/Senior Lecturer, Living Systems Institute & Department of Mathematics,
University of Exeter
178. Rosana Collepardo-Guevara, Winton Advanced Research Fellow (Group Leader) Departments of Physics,
Chemistry and Genetics, University of Cambridge
179. Anne Bishop, Post-doctoral Research Fellow, Welcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge
6
Distinguished international signatories:
1. Steven H. Strogatz, Jacob Gould Schurman Professor of Applied Mathematics, Cornell University
2. Albert-Laszlo Barabasi, Robert Gray Dodge Professor of Network Science, Northeastern University, USA;
Department of Medicine at Harvard Medical School
3. Yamir Moreno, Director of the Institute for Biocomputation and Physics of Complex Systems, Zaragozza;
President of the Network Science Society; Past-President of the Complex Systems Society;
4. Guido Caldarelli, London Institute of Mathematical Science; Full Professor of Theoretical Physics at IMT
School for Advanced Studies Lucca; President of the Complex Systems Society
5. Alain Barrat, Research Director, Centre de Physique Theorique, Marseille, and Turing Center for Living
Systems, Marseille, France
6. Reka Albert, Distinguished Professor of Physics and Biology, Pennsylvania State University
7. Mason A. Porter, Professor in Mathematics, University of California, Los Angeles, USA
8. Danielle S. Bassett, J Peter Skirkanich Professor, University of Pennsylvania, USA
9. Andrea Bertozzi, Professor of Mathematics and Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California
Los Angeles; Member US National Academy of Sciences
10. Rosario Nunzio Mantegna, Professor of Physics, University of Palermo, Italy
11. Ernesto Estrada, Professor of Mathematics, University of Zaragoza, Spain
12. Marc Barthelemy, Director of Research, Institute de Physique Theorique, CEA, Saclay, France
13. Hawoong Jeong, Professor of Physics, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology
14. Jesus Gomez-Garde~nes, Associate professor of Physics, University of Zaragoza, Spain
15. Albert Diaz-Guilera, Professor of Physics, University of Barcelona, Spain
16. Vittorio Loreto, Professor of Physics, University of Rome, Italy; Director, SONY Computer Science Laboratories,
Paris
17. Nassim Nicholas Taleb, Distinguished Professor of Risk Engineering, New York University
18. Jose Ramasco, Reseacher, Insitute for Cross-Disciplinary Physics and Complex Systems, Palma de Mallorca,
Spain
19. Martin Rosvall, Professor of Physics, University of Umea, Sweden
20. Fabrizio De Vico Fallani, Research Scientist, Brain and Spine Institute, Paris
21. Daniele Marinazzo, Professor of Data Analysis, University of Ghent, Belgium
22. Javier M. Buld~Ao, Professor of Electromagnetism, King Juan Carlos University, Spain
23. Alessio Papini, Professor of Biology, University of Florence, Italy
24. Joel Miller, Senior Lecturer in Applied Mathematics, La Trobe University, Australia
References
[1] https://medium.com/@tomaspueyo/coronavirus-act-today-or-people-will-die-f4d3d9cd99ca
[2] https://left.it/2020/03/13/covid_19-open-letter-from-italy-to-the-international-scientific-communi7

Divieto di fermata 4 da Londra -L'appello di 150 scienziati




Da Londra riceviamo il documento di alcuni scienziati che, in base alle loro competenze, chiedono al governo che vengano applicate anche in UK  le misure di distanziamento sociale attive negli altri paesi d'Europa


Public request to take stronger measures of social
distancing across the UK with immediate effect

As scientists living and working in the UK, we would like to express our concern
about the course of action announced by the Government on 12th March 2020
regarding the Coronavirus outbreak. In particular, we are deeply preoccupied
by the timeline of the proposed plan, which aims at delaying social distancing
measures even further.
The current data about the number of infections in the UK is denitely in
line with the growth curves already observed in other countries, including Italy,
Spain, France, and Germany. The same data strongly suggests that the number
of infected will be in the order of dozens of thousands within a few days.
Under unconstrained growth, this outbreak will aect millions of people in the
next few weeks. This will most probably put the NHS at serious risk of not being
able to cope with the 
ow of patients needing intensive care, as the number of
ICU beds in the UK is much smaller than that available in other neighbouring
countries with a similar population. Going for \herd immunity" at this point
is not a viable option, as this will put NHS at an even stronger level of stress,
risking many more lives than necessary.
By putting in place social distancing measures now, the growth can be slowed
down dramatically, and thousands of lives can be spared. We consider the social
distancing measures taken as of today as mostly insucient, and we strongly be-
lieve that additional and more restrictive measures should be taken immediately,
as it is already happening in other countries across the world.
We urge anyone who has sympathy with our views, and access to the govern-
ment strategy group, to make our concerns more widely known.
Signed by:
David Arrowsmith, Professor of Mathematics, Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of London
Christian Beck, Professor of Applied Mathematics, Dynamical Systems, Queen Mary University of London
Martin Benning, Lecturer in Optimisation, Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of London
Ginestra Bianconi, Professor of Applied Mathematics, Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of London
Jamie Grin, Lecturer in Applied Probability, Queen Mary University of London
Weini Huang, Lecturer in Mathematical Biology, Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of London
Lucas Lacasa, Reader in Applied Mathematics, Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of London
Vito Latora, Professor of Applied Mathematics, Chair of Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of London
Vincenzo Nicosia, Lecturer in Networks and Data Analysis, Complex Systems, Queen Mary University of
SEGUONO ALTRE 150 FIRME

mercoledì 11 marzo 2020

Divieto di fermata3 North by Piera Mattei 3





It was early morning, wind still so cold, the street was so crowded, people going to work at the markets looking like wide quick streams.
Sick people are just round the corner assembled in the side street Buzzing, murmuring a litany maybe the same groan. Each of them takes up less room possible but doesn’t squeeze up to the other one.

I’m looking at them without mercy. Burning is lighting my skin. It’s fire. I’m groaning too. Unconsciously. About my own words I’m murmuring: “My God. my God!”
I’m getting place for me among them. I don’t know the reason why I’m doing that. But I’m sick too, and I’m groaning just the way they do. I groan and listen to the voices rising un in a unique vibration. That is making swing the tops of the street lamps still on. Rising my very dry eyes I can see it.

***
How much time did I stay with the street sick persons? More I stayed more I got sure I didn’t belong to them. I wasn’t really sick. the burning of my skin was just a reaction vaccinating against the disease. But I continued to stay.
I thought: why should we survive, just the two of us, Max and I? I didn’t’ want the salvation Max offered to me. I preferred to groan along with the others. My face on my knees. I had seen the sores on their bodies when they were in line waiting their turn at the public and compulsory shower. While they were waiting they could watch by mirrors on the walls the origin of their pain. Some of them used stratagems to stay shut in the bathrooms being pitiless to their own image at the mirror. I –don’t know how that happened– felt myself in and out of that collective tragedy. Though I meditated about sorrow I mainly watched.

***

Max. I had left him and couldn’t avoid to think of him. In the darkness, packed among those bodies consumed by the disease, I wondered when I’d have been got by the sense of a common destiny, nothing to do to the pleasure of being together. That pleasure came rarely, necessity was always there.
No, I didn’t think that, didn’t want to think to, it was because of privation pursuing me. I continued to live in the harmonious misery of the covered in sores. I received food and medical aid by volunteers dressed with aprons, overshoes and rubber gloves. By the touch that rubber rejected me like their mercy did. I wasn’t sick, any madness staying there? I wasn’t sick.
Among those groans suddenly I heard calling “Maaax!!! Maaax!!!” It’s shouting.
I’m running and stepping over those afflicted and lamenting bodies that squeezed up to push me away, to make me run. I’m running. After those bodies around me thinning away, I’m walking straight, my chin up.
I’m shivering a little. It’s cold.

***

I arrived. going securely upstairs two steps by two. At the door I realize I haven’t the key, I have to ring. Max is coming to open. He’s not saying anything. Though I waked him up.
I waked him up and he doesn’t say anything. He’s not asking me what I’ve done, where I’ve been.

***
After the crisis that brought me to the street, things have got better between Max and me. He got intrusive because he guessed my sake. Now he’s calm and discreet again, absent-minded as usual. I can hear him whistling in his room arranging his linen. Funny chap, Max.
And I’ve started to paint again.
Painting is like a foreign language. At certain moment you start speaking. By that moment you have to resolve some little problems about grammar or pronunciation.
I’m stretching the oilcloth on the floor, I’m dipping my paintbrush into the color, I’m marking out a circle, filling up the circle with the same color.
No, I’ve nearly marked out an ellipse. I can recognize the focuses and there I’m in stably balancing just an only picture, one for each extremity.
Sometimes I thought to put together the two pictures. I didn’t get it.

***

Today Max has waked up bad. He says he had a nightmare where everybody sat in circle was laughing at him, badly. Now, if a circle is a spatial idea that he can understand I wonder: what and how could be the face of this “everybody” laughing wickedly: who know what a blind can see in his dreams. I have never asked Max.
I prepared my breakfast. Black coffee and toasted bread. I brought the same to Max that turned his face to the wall.

***

Max is sick. I brought the epidemic home. Instead my persisting burnings didn’t get worse.
Poor Max, how can you cure a sick person afflicted by these sores? He will recover. He never touches his burnings. He doesn’t lament, he only asks for dinking. I put vitamins and minerals into his water.

***

I say to myself if everybody in the world were as Max disease would continue to exist but wouldn’t be extreme or disgusting.
He ate the soup I prepared for him. He thanked, smiling.
In the meanwhile I paint with good results. No more the colored ellipse, but birds. No swallows, that are black and white, as Max says, but birds by colored feathers.
Now birds are my favorite subject, in the morning I pay attention their singing. If I could identify them, if I could make agree any intonation, trill and whistle, with a name would I be more pleased to listen to them?

***

Today, counterfeit among a blackbird’s whistles, I recognized Max’s whistle. A nice teasing whistle. Vitality is back, as back is light in my pictures. Over Max’s disease my pictures had got a dead shade.

***

At long last. I had a lunch again. I don’t know what’s the magy of Max. Provisions are nearly finished, but he delighted my palate.
I watched him preparing, as he first time, I saw him. He moves secure and nimble among all the things on the kitchen table. He touches cooking utensils like a pianist touches his keyboard, but his touch is less linear, like a drummer on drums.
After lunch he uncorked a bottle of sweet wine and started to talk about our return. Nordic summer is ending, he said. Daytime is getting shorter, light won’t be sufficient to paint.
We got over disease. Though, in the city we are from there is a lot of talk about war now, and it’s the same here. I think, if the war should break out, we couldn’t ignore it. War destroys art, destroys colors. Everything gets black and white, the color of the burnt down substance.

***

I won’t carry with me the pictures I painted, I leave them here in this flat. Next people living here will decide to save or to throw away. I think I got a good technique, though I can’t realize about colorings. Max, even if he could see my pictures, no way for him to be impartial.
Without hurry, we wipied out our signs in the flat. Now we’re preparing a small luggage, only essential things to get on a train. We must stay close each other because safe or despairing better to stay together.
In the courtyard, leaves down from the branches moving up and around, while I’m carrying my small luggage from the main door to the taxi.

***

We are back, then. No more reason looking for salvation elsewhere.
But everything changed here, just like elsewhere, definitely changed, no sense in the exercises educating and improving my sight. 
Now we simply spend our days looking forward the news on the radio. I don’t know the reason why we do that. We have no reason, we don’t feel like going out in the street, we don’t want to leave again, but we hear the road news like any other breaking news.
Plague hasn’t been eliminated, say the news, but the way they refer to the dead is such as to let understand we don’t have to take the dead in account anymore. If anyone loses a lover or a son because of the plague he says that person settled down elsewhere, in another city.
According to the news leaked out, by a new law approved in the parliament without any discussion, who dares to call the end of life by its old name is condemned to stay forced residence. Who dies is because made a mistake. To cry for that is stupid or wasting. Now priority for people is to show they can be strong. Who falls is crushed underfoot and carried away.
We don’t want to get out anymore. They say that by the dozen suddenly beld their legs disappearing in the neighborhood of the undergrounds because of a new generation, strong and impatient, who crushes them underfoot.
Cruelty on their faces doesn’t look anymore as tragic. no more is cruelty, it is pragmatism. They are convinced death isn’t something concerning living persons and who dies is no more counting, can’t talk by the radio and can’t listen to.
Max and I could do without listening to that voice that makes us feel impotent, but we are like magnetized by that cynicism elaborating an only way of thinking.
We don’t discuss each other, we don’t quarrel anymore. Every now and then we call each other, by name, from one room to the other one, and when we sit side by side we do the same. Often, after pronouncing our names, we stay hugged to face fear invading us.
That unique way of thinking is becoming like an only big and omni pervading individual, not even human perhaps, who is always right, always repeating the same things. Maybe we don’t know, but we are no more in account, a death that hasn’t been announced and impossible to announce.